Cancer is one of the most common health concerns for pets, especially as they age. In fact, nearly half of all dogs over 10 years old will develop some form of cancer. Just as in humans, a cancer diagnosis in pets can feel overwhelming. But the good news is that many cancers are treatable, and some pets can live long, happy lives even after diagnosis. Here are some tips from Dr. Sarah Charney, double-board-certified oncologist and co-owner of Boundary Bay Veterinary Specialty Hospital.
Recognizing the Signs: If You See Something, Do Something
One of the most important things pet owners can do is be proactive. If you notice any unusual lumps, bumps, or behavioral changes in your pet, don’t wait—get it checked out. Early detection is key to successful treatment.
The first step, if you see a bump, is to have it aspirated. Some bumps are benign and some are malignant – aspirating the growth and having it assessed helps guide the next steps.
Common signs of cancer in pets include:
- Lumps or growths that appear suddenly or grow quickly
- Unexplained weight loss or loss of appetite
- Difficulty breathing or persistent coughing
- Lethargy or lack of interest in usual activities
- Persistent sores or wounds that don’t heal
Diagnosing Cancer: What to Expect
Veterinarians follow a step-by-step approach to diagnosing cancer:
- Physical Examination – Checking for abnormal growths or signs of illness.
- Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) – A simple, non-invasive test where a small needle is used to collect cells from a lump for analysis.
- Biopsy – A more in-depth test where a sample of tissue is removed for laboratory testing.
- Imaging (X-rays, Ultrasound, CT, or MRI scans) – Helps determine if the cancer has spread.
Pearl of Wisdom: “Big tumors are not necessarily bad. Always find out what you’re dealing with before deciding on treatment.”
Treatment Options: There is Hope
Hearing the word “cancer” doesn’t mean it’s the end of the road for your pet. Veterinary oncology has advanced significantly, and treatments can help extend and improve quality of life.
Common treatment options include:
- Surgery – Removing the tumor, often the best option for localized cancers.
- Radiation Therapy – Locally targeted therapy used to treat tumors that cannot be completely removed with surgery or tumors that cannot be surgically removed at all due to location or size.
- Chemotherapy – Systemic drug therapy that may be IV or oral which helps manage cancer that has spread or cannot be surgically removed.
- Immunotherapy – Uses the pet’s immune system to fight cancer.
- Palliative Care – Focuses on comfort and pain management.
Pearl of Wisdom: “Age is not a disease. Even elderly pets can benefit from cancer treatment.”
Understanding Prognosis: How Long Will My Pet Live?
Each type of cancer behaves differently, and your veterinarian will help you understand what to expect. Some cancers, like low-grade mast cell tumors and thyroid carcinomas, may allow your pet to live for years with proper treatment. Others, like aggressive oral melanomas or hemangiosarcoma, have a more guarded prognosis but can be treated and extend your pet’s quality of life.
Pearl of Wisdom: “Chemotherapy is not a contract. If it’s not working or causing side effects, we can adjust the plan.”
Your Role as a Pet Owner
As a pet owner, you play a vital role in your pet’s cancer journey. You can take proactive measures by asking your vet to aspirate or check concerning symptoms (lumps, bumps, etc.) that may be cancer, and to book regular check-ups with your primary veterinarian. After a cancer diagnosis, you can support your pet’s journey by keeping open communication with your veterinarian and your oncologist, committing to regular rechecks, and maintaining a positive outlook. It’s also important to discuss quality of life considerations, ensuring your pet remains happy and comfortable.
BBVSH Oncology: Here to Support You
At BBVSH Oncology, our mission is to provide accurate information, offer a range of treatment options, and replace fear with knowledge and hope. Whether you choose treatment or palliative care, we are here to support you every step of the way.
If you have concerns about your pet’s health, don’t wait—schedule an appointment with your veterinarian or one of our board-certified veterinary oncologists today!